Evolutionary pathways of the PA genes of influenza a viruses
Identifieur interne : 002157 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002156; suivant : 002158Evolutionary pathways of the PA genes of influenza a viruses
Auteurs : Katsunori Okazaki [États-Unis] ; Yoshihiro Kawaoka [États-Unis] ; Robert G. Webster [États-Unis]Source :
- Virology [ 0042-6822 ] ; 1989.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Acid substitutions, Amino, Amino acid sequences, Amino acid substitutions, Amino acids, Avian, Avian influenza, Avian lineages, Avian viruses, Cdna, Different host species, Domestic poultry, Equine, Equine origins, Equine virus, Equine viruses, Evolutionary pathways, Evolutionary relationships, Evolutionary tree, Gene, Gene pool, Gull, Gull virus, Homology, Host range, Host species, Host specificities, Human influenza, Human influenza viruses, Human strains, Human virus, Human viruses, Influenza, Influenza virus, Influenza viruses, Jude research hospital, Lineage, Major antigenic shifts, Maximum parsimony analysis, Maximum parsimony method, Minimal number, Natural history, Nucleoprotein gene, Nucleotide, Nucleotide differences, Nucleotide sequence, Nucleotide sequence analysis, Nucleotide sequences, Nucleotide substitutions, Oligonucleotide primers, Other strains, Other viruses, Pathway, Shorebird, Single lineage, Substitution, Swine, Swine viruses, Viral, Virology, Virus, Wild birds, Wild ducks, Wild waterfowl.
Abstract
Abstract: Nucleotide sequences of the PA genes of influenza A viruses, isolated from a variety of host species, were analyzed to determine the evolutionary pathways of these genes and the host specificity of the genes. Results of maximum parsimony analysis of the nucleotide sequences indicate at least five lineages for the PA genes. Those from human strains represent a single lineage, whereas the avian genes appear to have evolved as two lineages—one comprising genes from many kinds of birds (e.g., chickens, turkeys, shorebirds, and ducks) and the other comprising only genes from gulls. H3N2 swine influenza virus PA genes are closely related to the currently circulating duck virus PA gene. By contrast, the H1N1 swine and equine virus PA genes appear to have evolved along independent lineages. Comparison of predicted amino acid sequences disclosed 10 amino acid substitutions in the PA proteins of all avian and H3N2 swine viruses that distinguished them from human viruses. The H1N1 swine viruses seem to be chimeras between human and avian viruses and they contain 8 amino acids not shared by other viruses. The equine viruses also appear to show their own amino acid substitutions. These findings indicate that the PA genes of influenza A viruses have evolved in different pathways defined by apparently unique amino acid substitutions and host specificities. They also indicate that influenza A viruses have been transmitted from avian to mammalian species.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90202-X
Affiliations:
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Webster</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, P.O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee 38101</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tennessee 38101</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1989">1989</date><biblScope unit="volume">172</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="601">601</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="608">608</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Acid substitutions</term><term>Amino</term><term>Amino acid sequences</term><term>Amino acid substitutions</term><term>Amino acids</term><term>Avian</term><term>Avian influenza</term><term>Avian lineages</term><term>Avian viruses</term><term>Cdna</term><term>Different host species</term><term>Domestic poultry</term><term>Equine</term><term>Equine origins</term><term>Equine virus</term><term>Equine viruses</term><term>Evolutionary pathways</term><term>Evolutionary relationships</term><term>Evolutionary tree</term><term>Gene</term><term>Gene pool</term><term>Gull</term><term>Gull virus</term><term>Homology</term><term>Host range</term><term>Host species</term><term>Host specificities</term><term>Human influenza</term><term>Human influenza viruses</term><term>Human strains</term><term>Human virus</term><term>Human viruses</term><term>Influenza</term><term>Influenza virus</term><term>Influenza viruses</term><term>Jude research hospital</term><term>Lineage</term><term>Major antigenic shifts</term><term>Maximum parsimony analysis</term><term>Maximum parsimony method</term><term>Minimal number</term><term>Natural history</term><term>Nucleoprotein gene</term><term>Nucleotide</term><term>Nucleotide differences</term><term>Nucleotide sequence</term><term>Nucleotide sequence analysis</term><term>Nucleotide sequences</term><term>Nucleotide substitutions</term><term>Oligonucleotide primers</term><term>Other strains</term><term>Other viruses</term><term>Pathway</term><term>Shorebird</term><term>Single lineage</term><term>Substitution</term><term>Swine</term><term>Swine viruses</term><term>Viral</term><term>Virology</term><term>Virus</term><term>Wild birds</term><term>Wild ducks</term><term>Wild waterfowl</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Nucleotide sequences of the PA genes of influenza A viruses, isolated from a variety of host species, were analyzed to determine the evolutionary pathways of these genes and the host specificity of the genes. Results of maximum parsimony analysis of the nucleotide sequences indicate at least five lineages for the PA genes. Those from human strains represent a single lineage, whereas the avian genes appear to have evolved as two lineages—one comprising genes from many kinds of birds (e.g., chickens, turkeys, shorebirds, and ducks) and the other comprising only genes from gulls. H3N2 swine influenza virus PA genes are closely related to the currently circulating duck virus PA gene. By contrast, the H1N1 swine and equine virus PA genes appear to have evolved along independent lineages. Comparison of predicted amino acid sequences disclosed 10 amino acid substitutions in the PA proteins of all avian and H3N2 swine viruses that distinguished them from human viruses. The H1N1 swine viruses seem to be chimeras between human and avian viruses and they contain 8 amino acids not shared by other viruses. The equine viruses also appear to show their own amino acid substitutions. These findings indicate that the PA genes of influenza A viruses have evolved in different pathways defined by apparently unique amino acid substitutions and host specificities. They also indicate that influenza A viruses have been transmitted from avian to mammalian species.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Wisconsin</li></region><settlement><li>Madison (Wisconsin)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Wisconsin à Madison</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Okazaki, Katsunori" sort="Okazaki, Katsunori" uniqKey="Okazaki K" first="Katsunori" last="Okazaki">Katsunori Okazaki</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Yoshihiro" sort="Kawaoka, Yoshihiro" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y" first="Yoshihiro" last="Kawaoka">Yoshihiro Kawaoka</name><name sortKey="Webster, Robert G" sort="Webster, Robert G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="Robert G." last="Webster">Robert G. 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